The History of Jundishapur and its Significance in Iran's Medical History

In ancient times, nestled in the northwest of Khuzestan, there stood a bustling city adorned with lush sugarcane fields, meandering streams, and vibrant gardens. Beyond its scenic charm, this city, known as Jundishapur, emerged as a paramount hub for science and culture. Renowned for its prestigious medical college and hospital, it beckoned scholars and researchers from far and wide.

The Founding of Jundishapur

Founded by the First Shapur, son of Ardeshir, Jundishapur was hailed as one of Khuzestan's seven regions. Initially, Ahvaz served as the capital of Khuzestan province, but during the reign of the Second Shapur, Jundishapur was designated as both the provincial capital and the seat of the Sassanian government.

 

Origin of the Name Jundishapur

During Shapoor's conquests, particularly his victory over Valerian Caesar II and the capture of Antioch (present-day Turkey), he dubbed the city "Vah Andio Shapur," meaning "Better than Antioch, the Jundishaur." Over time, the name evolved into Jundishapur or GondiShapoor, reflecting local dialects

 

Jundishapur's Flourishing Era

Arguably, Jundishapur experienced its zenith during the cultural renaissance of Iran under Anushiravan's reign. Anushiravan's fervent passion for science and knowledge spurred the gathering of eminent scholars and physicians. Under his patronage, Jundishapur University made remarkable strides. Anushiravan dispatched medic Barzooye and a team of Iranian physicians to India to acquire medical texts, a pivotal moment that catalyzed significant advancements in the university's trajectory. Historical accounts even recount the establishment of medical examinations during Anushiravan's era, marking the inception of what could be deemed as the inaugural medical congress in Jundishapur

 

Jundishapur Hospital and its Mission

Georgie Zeidan, an Arab Christian author, underscores Khosroo Anoshiravan's endeavor in constructing Jundishapur hospital, not only for patient care but also for medical education. Anoshiravan enlisted doctors from India and Greece to impart teachings on Greek and Indian medicine, notably Hippocratic principles. Consequently, Jundishapur Hospital garnered global renown, with its blend of Persian, Greek, and Indian medical traditions. Zeidan further notes that the concept of hospitals, traced back to Iran, evolved into comprehensive medical schools during the Islamic era. The Iranian influence in hospital architecture and medical education laid the foundation for similar institutions across the Islamic world, with Jundishapur Hospital standing as a preeminent example prior to the advent of Islam